Modal Perfect List and Example Sentences

Modal Perfect	Examples
Must Have + Past P.	My mother has arrived late. She must have been in a traffic jam.
May Have + Past P.	We may have passed the math exam, but it was in French.
Might Have + Past P.	Alex may have taken the wrong train.
Could Have + Past P.	I’m sorry but, You could have played better.
Couldn’t Have + Past P.	She couldn’t have passed because she hadn’t studied enough.
Would Have + Past P.	If I had guessed the future, I would have taken some precautions against what would happen.
Should Have + Past P.	You should have listened to the teacher.
Shouldn’t Have + Past P.	She shouldn’t have told them.
Needn’t Have + Past P.	I needn’t have read the book.